Bilirubin is tested primarily using a blood sample, typically drawn from a vein. Here's a breakdown of the process:
The Blood Draw Procedure
-
Preparation: A healthcare professional will clean the area on your arm (usually the bend of your arm) with an antiseptic.
-
Blood Collection: A small needle is inserted into a vein. You might feel a brief sting or pinch. A small tube is attached to the needle to collect the blood.
-
Sample Handling: The collected blood is then sent to a laboratory for analysis.
Laboratory Analysis
In the lab, the blood sample is analyzed to determine the bilirubin levels. This typically involves specialized equipment and techniques to separate and quantify the different forms of bilirubin. The results are usually reported as milligrams of bilirubin per deciliter of blood (mg/dL). The test may measure:
-
Total Bilirubin: The total amount of bilirubin in your blood.
-
Direct Bilirubin (Conjugated): Bilirubin that has been processed by the liver and is ready to be excreted.
-
Indirect Bilirubin (Unconjugated): Bilirubin that has not yet been processed by the liver.
Interpreting the Results
A doctor will interpret the bilirubin test results in conjunction with other tests and your overall health condition to determine if there are any underlying liver or blood disorders. Elevated bilirubin levels can indicate liver disease, bile duct obstruction, or certain blood disorders that cause increased red blood cell breakdown.
