A bone test is commonly called a bone density scan.
A bone density scan, also known as a DEXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) or DXA scan, is a low-dose X-ray test that measures the density of minerals, like calcium, in your bones. This measurement helps determine bone strength and thickness.
Why are Bone Density Scans Performed?
Bone density scans are performed to:
- Diagnose osteoporosis, a condition where bones become thin and weak, making them more prone to fractures.
- Assess your risk for developing fractures.
- Monitor the effectiveness of osteoporosis treatment.
How a Bone Density Scan Works
The DEXA scan uses two X-ray beams with different energy levels to estimate bone density. The amount of X-rays absorbed by the bone is measured, and this information is used to calculate a bone mineral density (BMD) score.
Results of a Bone Density Scan
The results of a bone density scan are typically reported as a T-score.
- T-score of -1.0 or higher: Normal bone density.
- T-score between -1.0 and -2.5: Osteopenia (low bone density).
- T-score of -2.5 or lower: Osteoporosis.
