The acronym ICT in medical terms can refer to several different concepts, depending on the context. One such meaning, based on the provided reference, is:
- Indirect Coombs Test
Indirect Coombs Test (ICT)
The Indirect Coombs Test (ICT), also known as the Indirect Antiglobulin Test, is a blood test used to detect antibodies in a patient's serum that can bind to red blood cells. The purpose of this test is to check for the presence or absence of antibodies in blood directed against antigens found on red blood cells.
Here's a breakdown of its purpose and utility:
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Purpose: To detect antibodies in the patient’s serum (the liquid part of blood) that can react with red blood cells. These antibodies might cause problems if a blood transfusion is needed or during pregnancy.
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How it works: Patient serum is incubated with red blood cells of known antigenic composition. If antibodies are present in the serum, they will bind to the red blood cells. An antiglobulin reagent (Coombs reagent) is then added to detect if any antibodies have attached to the red blood cells.
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Clinical Significance:
- Blood Transfusions: Ensures compatibility between donor and recipient blood by detecting antibodies that could cause a transfusion reaction.
- Prenatal Testing: Identifies antibodies in pregnant women that could attack the red blood cells of the fetus, leading to Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn (HDFN).
In summary, while ICT might have other meanings in different medical contexts, the Indirect Coombs Test is a significant application, particularly in transfusion medicine and prenatal care, as mentioned in the reference.
