Cinnarizine is primarily used for the management of symptoms associated with labyrinthine disorders, such as vertigo, tinnitus, nystagmus, nausea, and vomiting. It also sees use in controlling motion sickness.
Detailed Uses of Cinnarizine
Cinnarizine, developed by Janssen Pharmaceuticals in 1955, acts as an antihistamine and calcium channel blocker. This dual action contributes to its efficacy in treating a variety of conditions:
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Vertigo: Cinnarizine is commonly prescribed to alleviate vertigo, a sensation of spinning or dizziness. This is achieved by improving blood flow to the inner ear and reducing the excitability of the vestibular system.
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Tinnitus: Tinnitus, or ringing in the ears, can be a debilitating symptom. Cinnarizine's vasodilatory properties may help reduce the severity of tinnitus in some individuals by improving inner ear circulation.
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Nystagmus: Nystagmus is characterized by involuntary eye movements. Cinnarizine can help control nystagmus by affecting the central nervous system's control of eye movements.
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Nausea and Vomiting: As an antihistamine, cinnarizine can help alleviate nausea and vomiting, especially when related to motion sickness or inner ear disturbances.
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Motion Sickness: Cinnarizine is frequently used to prevent and treat motion sickness. It works by reducing the sensitivity of the inner ear to motion.
Mechanism of Action
Cinnarizine exerts its effects through two primary mechanisms:
- Antihistamine Properties: It blocks histamine H1 receptors, which helps reduce nausea, vomiting, and other symptoms associated with motion sickness and vestibular disorders.
- Calcium Channel Blocker: It inhibits the influx of calcium ions into cells, leading to vasodilation (widening of blood vessels). This vasodilation improves blood flow to the inner ear and brain, potentially reducing the severity of symptoms like vertigo and tinnitus.
Considerations
It's important to consult with a healthcare professional before taking cinnarizine, as it can cause side effects such as drowsiness, weight gain, and dry mouth. It may also interact with other medications.
