What are the CSF findings in meningitis?
In meningitis, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis reveals characteristic abnormalities including elevated opening pressure, a high white blood cell count (pleocytosis) dominated by neutrophils, and reduced glucose levels. These findings are crucial for diagnosis and differentiation from other neurological conditions.
The examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a cornerstone in diagnosing meningitis. Typical abnormalities observed in the CSF provide key indicators of the presence and nature of the infection. Based on standard CSF examination protocols, the following are the expected findings:
| CSF Parameter | Typical Finding in Meningitis (Reference: CSF Examination) |
|---|---|
| Opening Pressure | Increased (e.g., 180 mm water) |
| White Blood Cell (WBC) Count / Pleocytosis | Elevated, typically between 10 and 10,000 cells/µL, with a predominance of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils) |
| Glucose Concentration | Decreased, specifically less than 45 mg/dL |
These specific changes in CSF composition—elevated pressure, increased white blood cell count (especially neutrophils), and lowered glucose—are highly indicative of meningitis, guiding further diagnostic steps and treatment decisions.
