Periods are a normal part of a woman's reproductive cycle. Each month, the ovaries release hormones called estrogen and progesterone. These hormones cause the lining of the uterus (or womb) to thicken, preparing it for a fertilized egg. If an egg is not fertilized, the lining breaks down and sheds, resulting in a period.
Here's a breakdown of the process:
- Menstruation: The shedding of the uterine lining, leading to bleeding. This marks the beginning of a new menstrual cycle.
- Follicular phase: The ovaries release an egg, which travels down the fallopian tube.
- Ovulation: The release of an egg from the ovary. This usually happens around day 14 of a 28-day cycle.
- Luteal phase: If the egg is not fertilized, the lining of the uterus breaks down and is shed. If the egg is fertilized, it implants in the uterine lining and pregnancy begins.
The menstrual cycle is a complex process that is regulated by hormones. The length of a cycle can vary from person to person, and it is normal for periods to be irregular during the first few years of menstruation.
Here are some key points to remember about periods:
- Periods typically last for 3 to 7 days.
- The amount of bleeding can vary from person to person.
- Cramps are a common symptom of menstruation.
- Most women experience some level of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) before their periods.
If you have any concerns about your periods, talk to your doctor.
