The hormones prostaglandins, specifically PGF2α and PGE2, are at their peak during menstruation.
These specific prostaglandins play a key role in the menstrual process. According to the reference, they rise after ovulation and are highest during a period. The reference states: "Prostaglandins, 'PGF2α' and 'PGE2', cause the uterine muscle to cramp. These hormones rise after ovulation and are highest during a period (15,16)."
Here's a breakdown of their function during menstruation:
- Cause Uterine Cramps: Prostaglandins trigger the uterine muscles to contract, which leads to the familiar menstrual cramps.
- Shedding of the Uterine Lining: These contractions also assist the shedding of the uterine lining, which is essential for menstruation.
| Hormone | Peak Timing | Function |
|---|---|---|
| Prostaglandins (PGF2α and PGE2) | During Menstruation | Cause uterine cramps and assist with shedding of uterine lining. |
| Progesterone | After Ovulation | Prepares the uterus for a fertilized egg, stops lining from thickening. |
In summary, while various hormonal changes occur throughout the menstrual cycle, prostaglandins (PGF2α and PGE2) are at their peak during menstruation, primarily contributing to uterine contractions and cramps.
