Platinum can be identified by its non-magnetic properties. The primary method is to conduct a magnet test.
The Magnet Test for Platinum
The most straightforward way to check if a metal is platinum is by using a magnet:
- Non-magnetic nature: Pure platinum is not magnetic. This means it will not be attracted to a magnet.
- Test Procedure:
- Bring a magnet close to the metal in question.
- Observe if there is any attraction.
- If the metal is attracted to the magnet, it is not pure platinum. It could be another metal entirely or a platinum alloy with other magnetic metals.
- Conclusion: If the metal shows no reaction to the magnet it might be platinum or platinum alloy with only non magnetic metals.
Why the Magnet Test Works
The non-magnetic nature of platinum is due to its atomic structure. This is a key characteristic that separates it from many other metals.
| Feature | Platinum | Magnetic Metals (e.g., Iron) |
|---|---|---|
| Magnetism | Non-magnetic | Magnetic |
| Reaction Magnet | No attraction | Attracted to a magnet |
Additional Checks (Beyond the Magnet Test)
While the magnet test is a good start, other checks can be useful if you have the means or expertise for a more comprehensive verification, or if your metal has failed the magnet test:
- Hallmarks: Look for official platinum hallmarks (e.g., "PT," "PLAT," or "950") often stamped on jewellery or items. These markings indicate the metal content.
- Density: Platinum is very dense. A professional can measure the density.
- Chemical Tests: These tests are performed in a lab and can definitively identify a metal.
- Professional Appraisal: If uncertain, a professional gemologist or jeweller can authenticate the metal.
Note: Always remember to be cautious when buying platinum. Ensure you purchase from a reputable source and use multiple identification methods when possible.
