SAR11 bacteria are the bacteria that are turned into zombie cells by viruses in the ocean.
Recent studies reveal that a significant portion of ocean bacteria are affected by viral infections, leading to a transformation into zombie-like cells. Specifically, research has highlighted the impact on SAR11 bacteria, one of the most abundant types in the ocean. These bacteria, upon infection, undergo significant changes. This information helps us understand the complex dynamics within marine ecosystems and the roles viruses play in controlling bacterial populations.
How Viruses Turn Bacteria into "Zombies"
The process of viral infection in SAR11 bacteria isn't just about killing cells. Instead, the viruses seem to alter these bacteria dramatically, transforming them into a sort of zombie cell group. This modification is not fully understood, but it appears to lower the number of healthy SAR11 bacteria dramatically. The effects include:
- Cellular Modification: The virus alters the host bacteria's internal functions.
- Population Control: The infection effectively reduces the population of active SAR11 bacteria.
- Widespread Phenomenon: This occurs across the ocean, suggesting a major impact on marine ecosystems.
Impact on Ocean Ecosystems
This zombie-like modification of SAR11 bacteria is not just a minor event; it has substantial implications:
- Nutrient Cycles: Changes in the population of SAR11 can affect nutrient cycling in the ocean.
- Food Chain: The alteration of these bacteria may impact the food chain.
- Balance of Microbes: This phenomena is a vital part of balancing microbial populations.
The fact that as many as 20 percent of SAR11 bacteria are affected demonstrates how prevalent and influential these viral modifications are. This discovery has opened up a new avenue of research into how viruses impact marine life.
