The study of microbiology is simply called microbiology.
What is Microbiology?
Microbiology is the scientific study of microscopic organisms, commonly known as microbes. These organisms are too small to be seen with the naked eye and include a wide range of life forms such as:
- Bacteria: Single-celled prokaryotes found virtually everywhere.
- Archaea: Another group of single-celled prokaryotes often found in extreme environments.
- Fungi: Eukaryotic organisms including yeasts and molds.
- Algae: Photosynthetic, mostly aquatic organisms.
- Protozoa: Single-celled eukaryotic organisms.
- Viruses: Acellular infectious agents that require a host to replicate.
The field of microbiology employs various methods to study these organisms, differing significantly from methods used in other biological investigations due to the tiny size and unique characteristics of microbes. Microbiologists investigate many aspects of microbial life, including their genetics, metabolism, evolution, ecology, and interactions with other organisms. The study also encompasses the practical applications of microorganisms, such as in medicine, agriculture, and industry. For example, microbiology is crucial in developing antibiotics, producing fermented foods, and understanding infectious diseases.
Several sources confirm this definition:
- The University of Pittsburgh's Department of Biological Sciences defines microbiology as "the study of the biology of microscopic organisms - viruses, bacteria, algae, fungi, slime molds, and protozoa."
- The Microbiology Society states that microbiology is "the study of microbes," which are also called microorganisms.
- Britannica defines microbiology as "the study of microorganisms, or microbes, a diverse group of generally minute simple life-forms."
