The final step of development in MIS, based on the provided reference, is change and maintenance.
The reference outlines the stages of information system development, highlighting that it is not simply a one-time project but an ongoing process. The stages are:
- System survey
- Needs analysis
- Design
- Implementation
- Testing
- Change and maintenance
Therefore, after the initial implementation and testing phases, the system enters a phase of continuous refinement, adaptation, and upkeep. This ensures that the MIS continues to meet the evolving needs of the organization.