Muscle wasting, also known as muscle atrophy, is the loss of muscle mass. This can happen due to a lack of physical activity, a condition called disuse atrophy, or because of underlying medical conditions like neurogenic atrophy. It can also occur due to a lack of nutrients or hormonal imbalances.
Symptoms of muscle wasting include:
- Decreased muscle mass
- One limb being smaller than the other
- Numbness, weakness, and tingling in your limbs
Causes of muscle wasting include:
- Disuse: When muscles are not used regularly, they start to break down. This can occur due to injury, immobilization, or inactivity.
- Neurogenic conditions: Diseases like muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, and spinal muscular atrophy can damage nerves, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy.
- Nutritional deficiencies: Lack of protein or other essential nutrients can contribute to muscle wasting.
- Hormonal imbalances: Conditions like hypothyroidism and Cushing's syndrome can affect muscle mass.
- Cancer: Some cancers can cause muscle wasting as a side effect of the disease or treatment.
- Critical illness: Muscle wasting can occur in critically ill patients due to prolonged bed rest, inflammation, and malnutrition.
Treatment for muscle wasting depends on the underlying cause. It may involve:
- Physical therapy: Exercises to strengthen muscles and improve function.
- Nutritional therapy: Ensuring adequate protein intake and other essential nutrients.
- Medications: Depending on the underlying cause, medications may be prescribed to address specific issues, such as hormone imbalances or inflammation.
