Several drugs are used to reduce muscle spasticity.
Spasticity, characterized by increased muscle tone and stiffness, can be managed with various medications. The specific choice of drug depends on the individual's condition, the severity of spasticity, and other health factors. Here are some common medications used for this purpose:
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Baclofen (Lioresal®): Baclofen is a commonly prescribed muscle relaxant that works by affecting the central nervous system to reduce muscle spasms and tightness. It is available in oral and intrathecal forms.
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Tizanidine (Zanaflex®): Tizanidine is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist. It works by blocking nerve signals that cause muscle spasms. It is often used for short-term relief of spasticity.
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Dantrolene Sodium (Dantrium®): Dantrolene sodium acts directly on skeletal muscle. It works by interfering with the release of calcium, which is necessary for muscle contraction, thus reducing spasticity.
Other medications that might be prescribed include:
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Diazepam (Valium®): A benzodiazepine that has muscle relaxant properties, though it is more commonly used for anxiety and seizures. Due to its potential for sedation and dependency, it's generally not a first-line treatment for spasticity.
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Clonazepam (Klonopin®): Another benzodiazepine that might be used in some cases, also carrying a risk of sedation and dependency.
The choice of medication should be made in consultation with a healthcare professional who can assess the individual's specific needs and medical history. Physical therapy and other non-pharmacological approaches are often used in conjunction with medication to manage spasticity.
