The colour of fungi varies widely, encompassing a spectrum of shades including red, yellow, orange, brown, and black.
Fungal pigments, often polyketide-based, are responsible for this diverse range of colours. These pigments aren't just for show; they possess valuable bioactive properties, such as anticancer, immunosuppressant, antimicrobial, and antibiotic effects.
Here's a breakdown of the common colours found in fungi and their potential sources:
- Red: Certain fungi produce red pigments, often from polyketides or other compounds.
- Yellow: Similarly, yellow hues can arise from polyketide derivatives.
- Orange: Like red and yellow, orange colours are often due to polyketide pigments.
- Brown: Brown is a common colour in fungi, particularly in the fruiting bodies of many species. Melanin is a frequent contributor.
- Black: Melanin is a primary pigment responsible for black colouration in fungi.
Therefore, it's inaccurate to assign a single colour to fungi; their colours are incredibly diverse.
