There can be up to eight muscles in the nose, though only two significantly affect its shape.
Nasal Muscles: An Overview
Researchers have identified several muscles associated with the nose, but not all of them play a significant role in its external appearance. The number of muscles considered to be part of the nose can vary depending on different anatomical interpretations. Figallo & Acosta's 2001 review determined that up to eight nasal muscles have been identified.
Key Nasal Muscles
Of these eight muscles, two are most crucial in influencing the nasal profile:
- Procerus: This muscle sits at the top of the nose, between the eyebrows. It helps in pulling the skin between the eyebrows downwards, creating wrinkles.
- Nasalis: This is the largest muscle of the nose. It is a complex muscle with two main parts, a transverse and alar part, which contribute to nostril shape and flare.
Other Nasal Muscles
While other smaller muscles have been reported in some studies they are less impactful on the external shape of the nose and considered to be more minor. Their roles aren't completely understood, but they are primarily involved in fine movements and expressions. These can include muscles like the depressor septi nasi and other minor slips.
Table of Nasal Muscles
| Muscle | Role | Impact on Nasal Profile |
|---|---|---|
| Procerus | Pulls the skin between the eyebrows downwards. | Yes |
| Nasalis (Transverse) | Compresses and wrinkles the nose. | Yes |
| Nasalis (Alar) | Widens the nostrils. | Yes |
| Depressor Septi Nasi | Pulls the nasal septum down and constricts nostrils. | No |
| Other minor muscles | Fine facial expressions. | No |
Conclusion
Although up to eight muscles may be identified in and around the nose, the procerus and nasalis are the most significant ones when considering how facial expression can change the overall profile of the nose.
