Following a needle stick injury, immediate action is crucial to minimize the risk of infection. Universal precautions focus on prompt and thorough wound care and exposure management.
Here's a breakdown of the steps to take:
Immediate First Aid
- If sharps injury: Immediately wash the wound with soap and water for 15 minutes. The goal is to physically remove any potential contaminants.
Exposure Management
- If eyes: Flush eyes with 500cc of Lactated Ringers solution or normal saline.
- If mouth/nose: Flush the mouth or nose with water for 15 minutes.
Reporting and Seeking Medical Attention
Following initial first aid, it is essential to:
- Report the incident immediately to the appropriate supervisor or occupational health department.
- Seek immediate medical evaluation by a qualified healthcare professional. They will assess the risk of infection based on the source patient and the type of exposure.
- Undergo appropriate testing and follow-up care as recommended by the healthcare professional. This may include blood tests for HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C.
Important Considerations:
- Do not squeeze the wound, as this can potentially increase the risk of infection.
- Do not use harsh chemicals or disinfectants on the wound.
- Always follow your institution's specific policies and procedures for needle stick injuries.
