Cervical nerve compression, also known as cervical radiculopathy, happens when a nerve root in your neck is squeezed, leading to inflammation. This compression is mainly caused by two factors:
Main Causes of Cervical Radiculopathy
| Cause | Description |
|---|---|
| Cervical Spondylosis | Degenerative changes in the spine due to aging, leading to narrowing of the spaces where nerves pass through. |
| Herniated Cervical Disc | A bulging disk in the neck puts pressure on the nearby nerve root. |
Degenerative Changes (Cervical Spondylosis)
As we age, the structures in our spine, such as the bones, discs, and ligaments, can change. These changes can:
- Reduce the space available for the nerves.
- Cause bone spurs (osteophytes) to form, which can press on nerve roots.
- Thicken spinal ligaments, leading to nerve impingement.
Herniated Cervical Disc
A herniated disc occurs when the soft inner part of a spinal disc pushes through the tougher outer layer. This can:
- Directly compress the nerve root.
- Cause inflammation around the nerve, increasing pain and other symptoms.
How These Issues Cause Symptoms
The compression of cervical nerve roots can lead to a variety of symptoms, including:
- Pain: Neck pain that may radiate down the shoulder, arm, and hand.
- Numbness: Loss of sensation in the arm or hand.
- Tingling: A pins-and-needles sensation in the affected area.
- Weakness: Difficulty in gripping, lifting, or performing fine motor tasks.
Practical Insights
- Age: Cervical spondylosis is more common in older adults, while disc herniation can occur at any age.
- Risk Factors: Certain factors may increase your risk such as smoking, being overweight, or having a history of neck injuries.
- Early Intervention: Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent long-term nerve damage.
- Treatment: Treatment options include physical therapy, medication, injections, and, in severe cases, surgery.
