The central nervous system in vertebrates consists of two main parts: the brain and the spinal cord.
Components of the Central Nervous System
The central nervous system (CNS) is the control center of the body, responsible for processing information and coordinating actions. It comprises two key structures:
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The Brain: This complex organ is located within the skull and serves as the primary control center for thought, memory, emotion, and movement. It is responsible for higher cognitive functions and regulates various bodily processes.
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The Spinal Cord: This long, cylindrical structure extends from the brain down the back, through the vertebral column. It serves as a vital communication pathway between the brain and the rest of the body, transmitting sensory information to the brain and motor commands from the brain to the muscles.
Summary Table of the Central Nervous System
| Component | Description | Function |
|---|---|---|
| Brain | Primary control center located within the skull. | Controls thought, memory, emotion, movement, and bodily functions. |
| Spinal Cord | Long, cylindrical structure extending from the brain through the vertebral column. | Acts as a communication pathway between the brain and the body, transmitting sensory and motor information. |
As highlighted in the provided reference, the nervous system of vertebrates is divided into the central nervous system (CNS) which comprises the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which includes cranial and spinal nerves. The focus of this question is solely on the CNS.
