IP, or the Internet Protocol, resides in Layer 3 of the TCP/IP model, also known as the Network layer. This layer is responsible for routing data packets between different networks. IP provides a standardized way for devices to communicate with each other regardless of their underlying network technologies.
The Network layer is crucial in ensuring data packets reach their destination by:
- Addressing: IP addresses are used to identify devices on a network.
- Routing: Determining the optimal path for data packets to travel across networks.
- Fragmentation: Breaking down large data packets into smaller fragments for transmission.
Other important protocols that operate at Layer 3 include:
- ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol): Used for error reporting and network diagnostics.
