The signs and symptoms of Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM) can vary but commonly include neurological problems that develop rapidly.
Common Signs and Symptoms of ADEM
ADEM is an inflammatory disease that affects the brain and spinal cord, often following a viral infection or vaccination. Here's a breakdown of the signs and symptoms:
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Neurological Symptoms:
- Headache: Persistent and sometimes severe headaches are common.
- Confusion: Difficulty thinking clearly, disorientation, and decreased alertness.
- Weakness: Muscle weakness, which may affect one side of the body (hemiparesis) or all limbs.
- Ataxia (Unsteady Walk): Loss of coordination and balance, leading to an unsteady gait.
- Sensory Changes: Numbness, tingling, or other altered sensations in the arms, legs, or face.
- Optic Neuritis (Trouble with Vision): Inflammation of the optic nerve, causing blurred vision, pain with eye movement, or vision loss.
- Seizures: Uncontrolled electrical disturbances in the brain, leading to convulsions or other seizure activity.
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Other Common Symptoms:
- Nausea and Vomiting: Often present, especially at the onset of the illness.
Severity and Progression
The severity of ADEM can range from mild to severe. Symptoms usually develop rapidly, over a few days to a few weeks. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to minimize long-term neurological damage. It's important to consult a doctor immediately if you or someone you know is experiencing these symptoms, especially after a recent infection or vaccination.
