Bleeding inside the skull caused by a head injury is often due to subdural hematomas.
Subdural Hematomas Explained
A subdural hematoma develops when blood collects between the skull and the surface of the brain, in the subdural space. This bleeding is typically the result of:
- Damage to blood vessels: Head injuries can tear blood vessels, particularly veins, that run between the brain's surface and the dura (the outermost layer of the meninges, which surround the brain and spinal cord).
- Brain tissue damage: In more severe injuries, the brain tissue itself can be damaged, leading to bleeding.
Causes and Mechanisms
Subdural hematomas are most commonly caused by:
- Falls: Especially common in elderly individuals and young children.
- Motor vehicle accidents: High-impact collisions can cause significant head trauma.
- Assaults: Blows to the head can result in bleeding.
- Sports injuries: Concussions and other head impacts during sports activities can lead to hematomas.
The force of the injury causes the brain to move inside the skull, which can stretch and tear the bridging veins, leading to bleeding. Because the bleeding is often venous, it may accumulate slowly over time, leading to symptoms that can develop gradually.
Important Considerations
While subdural hematomas are a common cause of bleeding inside the skull after a head injury, other possibilities exist, including epidural hematomas and intracerebral hemorrhages. Any head injury should be evaluated by a medical professional to determine the cause of bleeding and ensure appropriate treatment.
