GST disease refers to neurological diseases that are associated with decreased expression of Omega-class glutathione S-transferases (GSTO) genes. These genes play a crucial role in protecting cells from oxidative stress.
GSTO Genes and Oxidative Stress
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a family of enzymes that detoxify harmful substances in the body. Omega-class GSTs (GSTO) are specifically involved in protecting against oxidative stress, which is an imbalance between the production of free radicals and the body's ability to neutralize them. When GSTO gene expression is reduced, the body's ability to combat oxidative stress declines, potentially leading to cellular damage.
Neurological Diseases Linked to GSTO
Several neurological diseases have been linked to decreased GSTO gene expression, including:
- Alzheimer's Disease: Reduced GSTO activity may contribute to the oxidative damage observed in Alzheimer's patients.
- Parkinson's Disease: Similar to Alzheimer's, decreased GSTO expression can exacerbate oxidative stress, a major factor in Parkinson's Disease.
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): Reduced GSTO levels may contribute to motor neuron degeneration due to increased oxidative damage.
Mechanism of Action
The precise mechanisms by which decreased GSTO expression contributes to these diseases are still being investigated. However, the prevailing theory suggests that reduced GSTO activity leads to increased oxidative stress, which damages neurons and other cells in the brain and nervous system. This damage can then contribute to the development and progression of the above mentioned neurological diseases. Decreased GSTO gene expression can even result in an earlier onset of these diseases.
In summary, GST disease refers to neurological conditions influenced by reduced function of Omega-class glutathione S-transferases (GSTO) genes, leading to increased oxidative stress and cellular damage.
