Giant sea waves caused by underwater earthquakes are called tsunamis.
Understanding Tsunamis
According to the provided information, tsunamis are defined as giant waves. They can be caused by several powerful events occurring under the sea, including:
- Earthquakes: Underwater seismic activity is a primary trigger.
- Volcanic Eruptions: Explosions or collapses of underwater volcanoes can also generate tsunamis.
While born from intense underwater events, the behavior of tsunami waves changes dramatically as they move from deep ocean water towards coastal areas.
Tsunami Wave Behavior
It's a common misconception that tsunami waves are towering out in the open ocean. The reference clarifies this:
- In the depths of the ocean: Tsunami waves do not dramatically increase in height. They are often barely noticeable to ships. However, their energy spans the entire water column, from the surface to the seabed, and they travel very fast across vast distances.
- As waves travel inland: As the waves approach the shore and the depth of the ocean decreases, they begin to interact with the seafloor. This interaction causes the waves to slow down and build up to higher and higher heights. This is why tsunamis become so destructive upon reaching coastlines.
Here's a simple comparison:
| Location | Water Depth | Wave Height Change |
|---|---|---|
| Deep Ocean | Deep | Not dramatically increased |
| Approaching Inland | Decreasing | Builds up to higher heights |
Understanding this behavior is crucial for coastal communities and warning systems. The potential for devastation is realized only as the wave enters shallow waters.
