Saliva is typically clear or slightly whitish. Pink saliva, however, usually indicates the presence of blood. This isn't necessarily a cause for major alarm, as it often results from minor oral injuries.
Causes of Pink Saliva
Several factors can cause pink-tinged saliva. These range from minor issues to more serious health concerns:
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Minor Oral Injuries: Biting your cheek, tongue, or lip; rough toothbrushing; or a canker sore are common causes of minor bleeding that can mix with saliva, resulting in a pink hue. As noted by Healthline, "[Y]ou may notice blood in your saliva when you spit. It may be caused by biting your tongue, a canker sore, or rough tooth brushing."
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Dental Procedures: Recent dental work, such as extractions or cleanings, can also lead to some bleeding and consequently, pink saliva.
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Underlying Medical Conditions: In some cases, pink saliva can be a symptom of a more serious underlying medical condition. The Lancet mentions a case study of a woman with multiple sclerosis and pink saliva. While this is not a typical symptom of MS, it highlights the possibility of underlying illnesses contributing to this issue. As stated by the Bottom Line, "various systemic diseases and dental disorders also contribute to getting a large amount of blood in the saliva".
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Gum Disease: Bleeding gums due to gingivitis or periodontitis can also cause saliva to appear pink.
Important Note: While minor bleeding is often harmless, persistent or excessive pink saliva should prompt a visit to a dentist or doctor to rule out any serious underlying health problems. The color and amount of blood in the saliva can also provide clues to the underlying cause. For example, bright red blood typically indicates a more recent injury, whereas darker, brownish blood suggests older bleeding.
Differentiating Saliva and Sputum
It's crucial to differentiate saliva from sputum. As Verywell Health states, "Sputum is not the same as saliva, a substance secreted in the mouth to help with digestion." Sputum, or phlegm, originates from the lungs and airways and can have various colors, including pink, indicating the presence of blood. Pink sputum, however, has different implications compared to pink saliva and often warrants medical attention.
When to Seek Medical Attention
Consult a medical professional if:
- Your pink saliva is persistent.
- You're experiencing other symptoms, such as fever, coughing, or difficulty breathing.
- The amount of blood in your saliva is significant.
