To use hydration salt (Oral Rehydration Salts or ORS), you mix the sachet content with the exact amount of water specified on the packaging and consume the solution to replenish fluids and electrolytes lost due to dehydration, often caused by diarrhea or vomiting.
What are Hydration Salts (ORS)?
Hydration salts, or Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS), are a specific mixture of salts and sugar designed to be dissolved in water. This solution helps the body absorb water and electrolytes more efficiently than plain water alone, making them highly effective for treating dehydration.
How to Mix and Use Hydration Salts
Proper mixing is crucial for the effectiveness and safety of ORS. According to guidelines, you should only use water to mix with the oral rehydration salts; do not use milk or juice and never add extra sugar or salt.
Here are the key steps and considerations for using ORS:
Mixing Instructions:
- Read the Packaging: Always check the specific instructions on the ORS sachet or box for the exact amount of clean water required. This is typically 1 litre for standard WHO-formula ORS, but it can vary.
- Measure the Water: Use a clean container and accurately measure the specified amount of clean, safe water.
- Add ORS Powder: Empty the entire contents of one ORS sachet into the measured water.
- Mix Thoroughly: Stir the mixture until the powder is completely dissolved.
Important Mixing Rules:
- DO use only clean, safe water (boiled and cooled if necessary).
- DO NOT use milk, juice, fizzy drinks, or any other liquids.
- DO NOT add extra sugar, salt, honey, or any other ingredients.
Why these rules? The reference states that "the rehydration salts contain the right mix of sugar and salts to help the body best." Adding other substances disrupts this critical balance, making the solution less effective or even potentially harmful.
How to Administer ORS:
- Frequency: The solution should be given in small, frequent sips or spoonfuls.
- Amount: The total amount given depends on the individual's age, weight, and the severity of dehydration. Follow healthcare professional advice or package instructions.
- Duration: Continue giving ORS until dehydration symptoms improve or as directed by a healthcare provider.
- Storage: Mixed ORS solution should typically be used within 24 hours and stored properly (often refrigerated).
When to Use ORS:
ORS is primarily used to treat dehydration caused by:
- Diarrhea
- Vomiting
- Excessive sweating (e.g., due to heat or intense physical activity), though plain water and electrolyte-rich foods may suffice for mild cases.
It's particularly important for infants, young children, and the elderly who are more vulnerable to dehydration.
Summary Table: Mixing ORS
| Action | What To Do | What NOT To Do | Reason (Based on Reference) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mixing Liquid | Use only clean, safe water. | Use milk, juice, or other beverages. | ORS requires water to function correctly. |
| Adding Extras | Mix only the ORS powder with water. | Add extra sugar, salt, honey, etc. | ORS has the "right mix of sugar and salts" for optimal absorption. |
| Measurement | Use the exact amount of water specified. | Guess or use an incorrect amount of water. | Ensures the correct concentration of electrolytes and sugar. |
Using hydration salts correctly by mixing only with water and avoiding extra ingredients ensures that the body receives the precise balance of electrolytes and sugar needed for effective rehydration.
