What is an organic compound whose empirical and molecular formula are the same?

An organic compound whose empirical and molecular formulas are the same is urea (NH₂CONH₂).

This is because the empirical formula represents the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in a compound. If the molecular formula already represents the simplest ratio, then the empirical and molecular formulas will be identical. Urea fits this criterion.

Here's why urea's empirical and molecular formulas are the same:

• Molecular Formula: NH₂CONH₂
• Elemental Composition: Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Carbon, and Oxygen.
• Ratio of Atoms: The ratio of atoms in the molecular formula is already in its simplest whole number form (N:H:C:O = 2:4:1:1). You cannot divide these subscripts by any common factor to obtain a simpler whole-number ratio. Therefore, the empirical formula is the same.

Therefore, the empirical formula of urea is also NH₂CONH₂.

Other examples of organic compounds where empirical and molecular formulas are the same include methane (CH₄), ethane (C₂H₆), formaldehyde (CH₂O), and glucose when simplified (but the simplified version is not commonly used as the molecular formula). These substances share this trait due to the already simplified ratio of their constituent atoms in the molecular formula.