To finish wood furniture for outdoor use, you need to apply a protective coating that can withstand the elements. This can be achieved using outdoor-rated finishes, a homemade oil blend, or a stain sealant combination.
Protecting your wood furniture is crucial for its longevity and appearance when exposed to sun, rain, and temperature changes. Selecting the right finish creates a barrier against moisture, UV rays, and pests.
Methods for Finishing Outdoor Wood Furniture
Based on recommended practices, here are effective ways to finish your wood furniture for outdoor environments:
1. Use Outdoor-Rated Finishes
These finishes are specifically formulated to provide durability and protection in exterior settings.
- Types:
- Polyurethane: Offers a tough, plastic-like coating resistant to abrasion and moisture. Ensure it's rated for exterior use as interior versions can yellow or peel in the sun.
- Epoxy: Extremely durable and waterproof, often used for heavy-duty applications. Requires careful application.
- Lacquer: While less common for outdoor furniture due to potential cracking, some outdoor-specific formulations exist.
- Varnish: A traditional exterior finish that provides a hard, weather-resistant layer. Contains resins, solvents, and drying oils. Marine varnish is particularly robust.
These finishes create a surface film that shields the wood underneath.
2. Apply a Natural Oil Finish
You can create a custom natural oil finish that penetrates the wood while offering protection.
- Recipe:
- Combine one part tung or linseed oil (natural oils that penetrate wood).
- Add one part mineral spirits (helps the oil penetrate deeper).
- Mix in one part polyurethane (adds a level of surface durability and water resistance).
This blend provides the aesthetic of an oil finish with enhanced weather protection from the added polyurethane. Apply multiple thin coats for best results.
3. Use a Stain Sealant Combo
For convenience and efficiency, a stain and sealant combination product can be used.
- Benefits:
- Color and Protection: Gives your wood some color (stain) and provides a durable finish (sealant) all in one application.
- Time-Saving: Reduces the number of steps required compared to staining and sealing separately.
These products are designed to penetrate the wood with pigment while leaving a protective film or penetrating sealer to resist water and UV damage. Choose products specifically labeled for outdoor use.
Choosing the right finish depends on the wood type, desired look, and the level of exposure the furniture will experience. Always prepare the wood properly before applying any finish by cleaning, sanding, and ensuring it is dry.
