Ovulation pain, also known as mittelschmerz, is often caused by the physical processes involved in releasing an egg from the ovary. The stretching of the follicle (the fluid-filled sac containing the egg) and the egg bursting through the follicle itself can both cause discomfort. This is a normal part of the menstrual cycle for many women.
Understanding Ovulation Pain
- Follicle Stretching: As the egg matures within the follicle, the follicle grows and stretches the surface of the ovary. This stretching can trigger pain. [Source: Mayo Clinic, Cleveland Clinic]
- Egg Release: The rupture of the follicle to release the egg can also be a source of pain. [Source: Cleveland Clinic]
- Blood or Fluid Release: The release of a small amount of blood or fluid into the abdominal cavity during ovulation can irritate the surrounding tissues and cause pain. [Source: Mayo Clinic]
Characteristics of Ovulation Pain
Ovulation pain is typically experienced as a sharp, stabbing pain or a dull ache on one side of the lower abdomen. The pain usually lasts for a short period, from a few minutes to a few hours. [Source: NHS, Better Health Channel, Medical News Today] It's commonly felt around 14 days before the start of menstruation. [Source: NHS] The intensity of pain varies greatly between individuals; some women experience only mild discomfort, while others experience more intense pain. [Source: Better Health Channel]
When to Seek Medical Attention
While ovulation pain is often harmless, persistent, severe, or worsening pain should be evaluated by a healthcare professional. This is especially important if the pain is accompanied by other symptoms. [Source: Healthline, Uranj] Conditions such as ectopic pregnancy or adhesions can cause similar symptoms and require medical attention. [Source: Verywell Health]
