Flat pattern making is a fundamental technique in fashion design and garment construction where a two-dimensional pattern for a garment is created directly on a flat surface, typically paper or card.
Understanding the Flat Pattern Method
The core of this technique, as described in the reference, is where the entire pattern is drafted on a flat surface from measurements, using rulers, curves, and straight-edges. This differs from other methods like draping (working with fabric on a form) or using pre-existing blocks.
The Process
Creating a flat pattern involves several key steps:
- Taking Measurements: Accurate body measurements or standard size measurements are essential starting points.
- Drafting: Using the measurements, lines and shapes representing garment pieces are drawn directly onto the pattern paper. This requires understanding how 2D shapes will translate into a 3D form.
- Utilizing Tools: Pattern makers rely on specific tools for precision. As noted in the reference, these include basic drafting tools like rulers, curves, and straight-edges.
Specialized Tools
Beyond the standard drafting tools, a pattern maker employing this method would also use various tools such as a notcher, drill, and awl to mark the pattern.
- Notcher: Used to create small notches on pattern edges, indicating seam allowances, matching points, or fold lines.
- Drill/Awl: Used to make small holes on the pattern, often marking dart points, pocket placements, or other internal details.
Applications
Flat pattern making is widely used in:
- Creating Basic Blocks (Slopers): Foundation patterns derived from body measurements, used as a starting point for designing various styles.
- Designing New Styles: Manipulating basic blocks or drafting entirely new patterns based on sketches or design ideas.
- Grading: Scaling patterns up or down to create different sizes.
This method allows for precise control over dimensions and shapes, making it a cornerstone of professional pattern development in the apparel industry.
