According to the provided reference, the tracks of a PCB can be checked for quality using specific x-ray inspection methods.
Methods for Checking PCB Track Quality
Ensuring the quality of printed circuit board (PCB) tracks is crucial for the board's functionality and reliability. While various techniques exist for inspecting PCB quality, the reference highlights the use of x-ray technology for this purpose.
Based on the reference, there are two primary ways to conduct these quality checks using x-ray technology:
Manual X-ray Inspection
This method involves using x-ray inspection equipment to manually examine the PCB tracks. An operator controls the x-ray system, positioning the board and adjusting the views to inspect areas of interest. This allows for detailed investigation of specific points or potential issues identified through other means or during prototyping stages.
Key aspects of Manual X-ray Inspection:
- Utilizes x-ray inspection equipment.
- Requires an operator to control the process.
- Allows for focused, detailed inspection of specific areas.
- Often used for troubleshooting or inspecting low-volume production.
Automated X-ray Inspection (AXI)
For higher volume production or more comprehensive checks, automated x-ray inspections (AXI) can be employed. This method uses an automated x-ray system that is programmed to inspect the PCB according to predefined criteria. The system automatically scans the board, capturing x-ray images and using software to analyze them for defects related to track quality.
Key aspects of Automated X-ray Inspection (AXI):
- Uses an automated x-ray system.
- Process is automated based on programmed parameters.
- Suitable for high-volume inspection.
- Software analysis helps identify defects efficiently.
These x-ray methods are particularly valuable because they can inspect internal layers of the PCB and hidden features of the tracks that are not visible with standard optical inspection techniques. This can include checking for issues like:
- Layer-to-layer alignment problems
- Voids or thinning in copper tracks (though less common primary use for tracks vs. solder joints)
- Potential shorts between internal tracks
Comparison of X-ray Inspection Methods
Here's a brief comparison of the two methods mentioned:
| Feature | Manual X-ray Inspection | Automated X-ray Inspection (AXI) |
|---|---|---|
| Equipment | X-ray Inspection Equipment | Automated X-ray System |
| Operation | Manual control by operator | Automated, software-driven |
| Throughput | Lower, ideal for specific checks | Higher, suitable for production |
| Analysis | Operator interpretation | Automated software analysis |
Both manual and automated x-ray inspections provide powerful non-destructive ways to examine the internal structure of a PCB and assess the quality of its tracks, revealing potential issues that could impact performance or reliability.
