A key feature of graphic rating scales is their use of a continuous line or scale where respondents can indicate their rating by selecting a point along the continuum.
Understanding Graphic Rating Scales
Graphic rating scales are a type of performance appraisal method (or survey tool) commonly used to evaluate performance, engagement, and other criteria. Their defining characteristic is the visual representation of response options. Instead of selecting from a predefined list of choices, respondents mark a point on a line or scale to indicate their assessment.
Key Features Explained
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Continuous Scale: The core of the graphic rating scale is the continuous scale itself. This offers a more nuanced response option than discrete choices. It allows the rater to select a value that more accurately reflects their perception.
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Visual Representation: The visual nature makes it easy to understand and use. The scale visually represents the range of possible responses.
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Flexibility: These scales can be customized. The scale can range from 1-3, 1-5, 1-7, or even include verbal anchors along the scale, defining the meaning of different points. For instance, a scale from "Strongly Disagree" to "Strongly Agree."
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Subjectivity: Despite their apparent objectivity, graphic rating scales are still susceptible to rater bias. The interpretation of points along the scale can vary between raters.
Example
Imagine evaluating an employee's "Communication Skills." A graphic rating scale might appear as:
Communication Skills:
Poor --------------------------------------------------- ExcellentThe evaluator would mark a point along the line that best represents the employee's communication abilities.
Benefits
- Simplicity: They are easy to understand and administer.
- Visual Appeal: The graphic format can be more engaging than other rating methods.
- Detailed Feedback: They can provide more detailed feedback than simple binary (yes/no) options.
Drawbacks
- Subjectivity: The interpretation of the scale can be subjective.
- Halo Effect: Raters may allow their overall impression of an individual to influence their ratings on specific criteria.
- Central Tendency Bias: Raters may tend to select the middle point of the scale, avoiding extreme ratings.
In summary, the defining feature of graphic rating scales is the use of a continuous visual scale that allows for a more nuanced expression of opinion or evaluation compared to scales with discrete options.
