Perineal massage is a technique often used during late pregnancy to help stretch the tissues around the vaginal opening in preparation for childbirth.
What is Perineal Massage?
Perineal massage involves gently massaging the perineum, the area of skin and muscle between the vagina and the anus. The goal is to increase the elasticity and flexibility of these tissues, potentially reducing the risk of tearing during vaginal birth.
Why Do Perineal Massage?
Many sources suggest that regular perineal massage can help familiarize you with the sensations of pressure in the area, potentially easing fear and tension during labor. It may also help stretch the tissues to accommodate the baby's head during birth.
Step-by-Step Guide to Perineal Massage
Performing a perineal massage involves a few simple steps. It can be done by yourself or by a partner.
Preparation
Before starting, ensure you are comfortable and have everything you need.
| Item | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Clean Hands | Essential for hygiene. |
| Comfortable Position | Sitting semi-reclined or squatting can help access the area. A mirror can be useful initially. |
| Lubricant | Use a natural, unscented oil (like sweet almond oil, grapeseed oil, or coconut oil) or a water-based personal lubricant. Avoid petroleum jellies. |
The Technique
This technique focuses on stretching the lower part of the vaginal opening.
- Apply Lubricant: Apply a small amount of lubricant to your thumb(s) or finger(s) and to the perineal area.
- Position Your Finger(s): Insert one or both thumbs (or fingers) about an inch to an inch and a half into the vagina.
- Begin Stretching: Use your thumb or finger to gently stretch the wall out to the side. Think of the vaginal opening like a clock face. Call this 3 o'clock.
- Sweep Down and Across: Still pressing and stretching outward, sweep down to 6 o'clock (towards the anus) and then over to 9 o'clock (the other side). This motion creates a gentle, downward U-shape stretch.
- Maintain Pressure: As you sweep, maintain gentle, consistent pressure outward and downward on the perineal tissues. You may feel a stretching or stinging sensation; this is normal, but the pressure should not be painful.
- Repeat: Repeat for a total of 4 or 5 minutes, focusing on the U-shaped sweep from side to side, pressing outwards.
- Gentle Massage (Optional): After the sweeping motion, you can also spend a minute or two massaging the tissue between the vagina and anus from the outside, warming and softening it.
Frequency
Many practitioners suggest starting perineal massage around 34-36 weeks of pregnancy, performing it daily or 3-4 times per week. Consistency is often considered key.
Important Considerations
- Be gentle; the goal is gradual stretching, not pain.
- Stop if it causes significant pain or discomfort.
- If you have any vaginal infections (like thrush or herpes), it's best to wait until the infection clears before performing the massage.
- Consult with your healthcare provider if you have any questions or concerns about performing perineal massage.
