Yes, Photosystem 2 (PS2) splits water molecules.
The Role of Photosystem 2 in Water Splitting
Photosystem 2 (PS2) is a crucial component of the photosynthetic process in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. One of its primary functions is to use light energy to split water molecules (H₂O). This process, known as photolysis, is essential for photosynthesis because it:
- Releases Oxygen: The splitting of water liberates oxygen (O₂), which is vital for the respiration of many organisms and replenishes the atmosphere.
- Provides Electrons: The electrons derived from water are used to replenish the electrons lost by chlorophyll in PS2 after it absorbs light energy. These electrons then flow through the electron transport chain, ultimately contributing to the synthesis of ATP and NADPH, which are used to power the Calvin cycle.
- Generates Protons: The splitting of water releases protons (H⁺) into the lumen of the thylakoid. This contributes to the proton gradient, which is used to drive ATP synthase and produce ATP (a form of chemical energy).
Summary
According to the reference, Photosystem 2 uses light energy to split water releasing oxygen, protons and electrons. This is a fundamental step in photosynthesis, allowing plants and other photosynthetic organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy.
