Melanin is a physical barrier that protects the skin from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This pigment absorbs and scatters UV light, reducing its penetration into the deeper layers of the skin.
Melanin, particularly eumelanin, acts as a physical shield that helps to protect the skin from the damaging effects of sunlight. This is achieved by:
- Scattering UVR: Melanin's structure allows it to deflect UV radiation, preventing it from reaching the sensitive cells below the epidermis.
- Absorbing UV: Melanin acts as an absorber, trapping UV radiation and preventing it from reaching the deeper layers of the skin.
This protective mechanism plays a crucial role in preventing sunburns, premature aging, and skin cancer.
