To measure torque in Newton metres (Nm), you need to determine the force applied and the distance from the pivot point (or axis of rotation) at which the force is applied. The torque is then calculated using the formula: Torque (Nm) = Force (N) x Distance (m).
Steps to Measure Torque:
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Identify the Force: Determine the magnitude of the force being applied. This force should be measured in Newtons (N).
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Measure the Distance: Measure the perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation (the pivot point) to the point where the force is applied. This distance should be in metres (m). This distance is often referred to as the lever arm or radius.
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Calculate the Torque: Multiply the force (in Newtons) by the distance (in metres) to calculate the torque in Newton metres (Nm).
- Formula: Torque (Nm) = Force (N) × Distance (m)
Example:
Let's say you apply a force of 10 Newtons at a distance of 0.5 metres from the pivot point.
- Force (F) = 10 N
- Distance (r) = 0.5 m
Therefore, the torque (τ) would be:
τ = 10 N * 0.5 m = 5 Nm
Tools for Measuring Torque:
- Torque Wrench: A specialized wrench used to apply a specific torque to a fastener such as a nut or bolt. It usually has a built-in scale or digital display to show the applied torque in Nm or other units.
- Torque Sensor/Transducer: These devices convert torque into an electrical signal, which can then be measured and displayed on a meter or data acquisition system. They are often used in testing and research applications.
- Dynamometer: A device used to measure the torque and rotational speed of an engine, motor, or other rotating machinery.
Important Considerations:
- Ensure the force is applied perpendicularly to the lever arm (the distance). If the force is applied at an angle, you need to calculate the perpendicular component of the force.
- Use consistent units (Newtons for force and metres for distance) to obtain torque in Newton metres.
