When an object moves, its velocity changes. This change can manifest in different ways.
Changes in Motion
What is Velocity?
Velocity isn't just about speed; it also includes direction. Therefore, a change in either speed or direction (or both) means a change in velocity.
How Forces Affect Movement
According to the reference, forces are the direct cause of changes in velocity. Let's break this down:
- Starting Motion: A force is required to get an object moving from a state of rest.
- Speeding Up: Applying force in the direction of an object's motion increases its speed, resulting in a velocity change.
- Slowing Down: Applying force in the opposite direction of the motion reduces an object's speed, causing a velocity change.
- Changing Direction: Applying a force at an angle to an object's motion can change its direction of travel, which again results in a velocity change.
Summary
| Change in Motion | Resulting Change in Velocity |
|---|---|
| Object starts moving | Increase in velocity |
| Object speeds up | Increase in velocity |
| Object slows down | Decrease in velocity |
| Object changes direction | Change in velocity |
Examples in Everyday Life
- A car: When you accelerate or brake, the car's speed changes, hence the velocity changes. When you turn the steering wheel, the direction changes, resulting in another change in velocity.
- A ball: Throwing a ball increases its speed, and thus changes its velocity. Catching a ball decreases its speed and changes its velocity. If the ball bounces off a wall, its direction and velocity changes.
Conclusion
In conclusion, when an object moves, its velocity is changed due to applied forces. Changes in velocity can involve alterations in speed, direction, or both.
