The function of the 1st pedal on a piano, generally referred to as the sustain pedal (or damper pedal), is to lift all the dampers off the strings, allowing them to vibrate freely and sustain notes even after the keys are released.
In-Depth Explanation of the Sustain Pedal
The sustain pedal is usually the rightmost pedal on a piano. When pressed, it raises all the dampers – small felt pads that rest on the strings to stop them from vibrating – simultaneously. This allows any notes played to ring out and blend together, creating a richer, more resonant sound.
How it Works:
- Dampers at Rest: Normally, when a key is released, the damper falls back onto the string, stopping the vibration and silencing the note.
- Pedal Engaged: When the sustain pedal is depressed, all the dampers are lifted away from the strings.
- Sustained Sound: Any strings struck while the pedal is down will continue to vibrate until the pedal is released, or the sound naturally decays.
Uses and Effects:
- Sustaining Notes: The most basic use is to sustain notes that would otherwise be too short.
- Creating Legato: The pedal allows smooth connections between notes, creating a legato effect.
- Adding Resonance: It adds richness and depth to the sound by allowing sympathetic vibrations from other strings.
- Special Effects: Composers often use the sustain pedal for specific effects, such as creating washes of sound or blurring harmonies.
Preliminary Pedaling (Advanced Technique):
Although not the primary function, the reference mentions "preliminary pedaling." This is where you press the sustain pedal before striking a note. The effect is subtle, creating a potentially richer tone since the damper isn't initially present on the string. This is a less common technique.
