Jupiter possesses mass primarily because it is composed of a vast amount of matter, predominantly hydrogen and helium.
Here's a breakdown:
- Hydrogen and Helium Dominance: The vast majority of Jupiter's mass (over 87%) comes from hydrogen and helium, the two lightest and most abundant elements in the universe. During the solar system's formation, Jupiter accreted a huge quantity of these gases.
- Accretion: Jupiter formed by accreting gas and dust in the early solar system. Gravitational forces pulled these materials together, increasing the planet's size and, consequently, its mass.
- Heavy Elements: While hydrogen and helium are the major constituents, Jupiter also contains heavier elements like rock and ice in its core and throughout its interior. These heavier elements contribute to its overall mass as well, estimated to be between 11 and 45 times the mass of Earth (ME).
- Density and Pressure: The immense gravity of Jupiter compresses the hydrogen into a metallic form, particularly in its interior. This high-density state further contributes to its overall mass.
Essentially, Jupiter's mass is a direct result of its immense size and composition, primarily consisting of hydrogen and helium, along with a significant amount of heavier elements, all packed together by gravity.
