Corn seeds sprout through a process called germination, which occurs when the seed absorbs enough water and the soil temperature is favorable.
In more detail:
When planted in moist soil with adequate warmth, the corn seed undergoes the following steps:
- Water Absorption: The seed imbibes water, causing it to swell and activate enzymes necessary for germination.
- Radicle Emergence: The first root, called the radicle, emerges from the seed. This anchors the plant and begins absorbing water and nutrients from the soil.
- Shoot Development: Following the radicle, the coleoptile (a protective sheath) emerges, enclosing the developing shoot.
- Leaf Emergence: The shoot grows upwards towards sunlight. Eventually, the first true leaves emerge from the coleoptile, and photosynthesis begins.
The availability of moisture and a suitable soil temperature are critical factors for successful corn seed germination.
