Copper sulfate, when applied to tree roots, primarily works by being absorbed by the roots within a short distance, disrupting their absorptive function. The copper doesn't travel far within the root system before this disruption occurs.
Here's a more detailed breakdown:
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Absorption: The roots readily absorb the copper ions from the copper sulfate solution. This is because roots are designed to absorb nutrients and water from their surroundings.
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Localized Effect: The copper doesn't get transported throughout the entire root system to a significant degree. Instead, its impact remains concentrated in the area of initial absorption.
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Disruption of Absorptive Function: The absorbed copper ions are toxic to the root cells. They interfere with the normal cellular processes necessary for nutrient and water uptake. This effectively impairs the ability of the roots to absorb further resources.
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Limited Systemic Toxicity: The reference indicates that the treatment hasn't caused tree or shrub loss, suggesting the copper's toxicity is contained. The roots' absorptive function is destroyed before the copper can travel extensively and cause widespread damage.
In essence, copper sulfate acts as a localized root-killing agent, disrupting the roots' ability to function effectively in the immediate area of contact, with minimal long-range transport. This is why it is sometimes used in applications where localized root control is desired, such as preventing root intrusion into pipes.
