A cladode (also called cladophyll or phylloclade) is a modified stem that takes on the appearance and function of a leaf. In essence, it's a flattened stem that performs photosynthesis.
Understanding Cladodes
Here's a breakdown of what cladodes are and how they function:
- Modified Stems: Cladodes are not true leaves. They are modified shoot systems.
- Photosynthesis: The primary function of a cladode is to carry out photosynthesis, the process of converting light energy into chemical energy.
- Leaf Reduction: In plants with cladodes, the true leaves are often reduced to scales or spines, minimizing water loss.
Examples of Cladodes
The reference provided gives a great example:
- Asparagus ( Asparagus officinalis ): In asparagus, what appears to be the leaves are actually cladodes. The small scales on the asparagus spears are the plant's true leaves.
Cladodes vs. Phyllodes
It's important not to confuse cladodes with phyllodes. Phyllodes are modified leaf petioles (the stalk that attaches a leaf to the stem) that become flattened and photosynthetic. Cladodes are modified stems.
Summary
| Feature | Cladode | Phyllode |
|---|---|---|
| What it is | Modified stem | Modified leaf petiole |
| Function | Photosynthesis | Photosynthesis |
| True Leaves | Often reduced to scales/spines | True leaves may be reduced or absent |
