Air layering, also known as air layering, is a propagation method that encourages roots to develop on a stem while it's still attached to the parent plant. This technique is particularly useful for plants that are difficult to propagate from cuttings.
Choosing the Right Stem
Select a healthy, vigorous stem from a one- to two-year-old plant. The stem should be straight and approximately pencil-thin, about 2-3 feet long. (Source: RHS, Instructables). Avoid stems that are too thick or thin.
Preparing the Stem
- Wound the stem: Make a 1-inch angled cut through a leaf bud, angled towards the shoot tip. (Source: RHS)
- Apply rooting hormone: Apply a rooting hormone powder to the wound surface. This encourages root development. (Source: RHS)
- Pack with moist sphagnum moss: Pack moist sphagnum moss around the wound, ensuring good contact. This creates a humid environment conducive to root growth. (Source: RHS)
- Wrap and seal: Cover the moss with plastic wrap, securing it tightly above and below the wound to maintain humidity. You can use tape or twist ties.
Monitoring and Harvesting
Keep the moss consistently moist but not waterlogged. After several weeks or months, roots will develop. Once the roots are well-established, carefully cut the stem below the newly formed roots and plant the rooted section in a suitable potting mix.
Tips for Success
- Timing: Air layering is best done in spring or mid-summer, depending on the plant and climate. (Source: Texas A&M AgriLife Extension)
- Plant Selection: This technique is particularly effective for woody plants such as fruit trees, shrubs, and some difficult-to-root plants. (Source: Texas A&M AgriLife Extension)
- Moisture: Maintaining consistent moisture in the moss is crucial for successful rooting.
