After fertilization in flowering plants, the ovule develops into a seed containing an embryo, which consists of a plumule (future shoot) and a radicle (future root).
Here's a breakdown of what happens:
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Embryo Development: The zygote (formed from the fusion of sperm and egg) divides repeatedly to form the embryo. The embryo differentiates into two main parts:
- Plumule: This is the embryonic shoot, which will develop into the stem and leaves of the plant.
- Radicle: This is the embryonic root, which will develop into the root system of the plant.
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Seed Formation: The ovule, which contains the embryo, develops into a seed. The seed consists of:
- Embryo: The developing plant.
- Endosperm: A nutritive tissue that provides food for the developing embryo.
- Seed Coat: A protective outer layer that surrounds the embryo and endosperm.
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Ovary Development: Simultaneously, the ovary (which contains the ovules) develops into the fruit.
In essence, fertilization triggers a series of developmental events that transform the ovule into a seed with a miniature plant (embryo) inside, ready to germinate under favorable conditions.
