A canal cell is one of the single row of cells forming the axial row within the neck of an archegonium. It is related to the neck cell.
Understanding Canal Cells in Archegonia
The archegonium is a female reproductive structure in plants like bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts) and some vascular plants (ferns and related plants). The canal cell plays a vital role in the fertilization process within the archegonium.
Key Features of Canal Cells:
- Location: Canal cells are located in the neck of the archegonium, forming a central row.
- Number: Typically, there is a single row of canal cells.
- Function: They disintegrate to create a clear passage or canal for the sperm to swim through and reach the egg cell for fertilization.
Canal Cell vs. Neck Cell
| Feature | Canal Cell | Neck Cell |
|---|---|---|
| Location | Axial row within the neck of the archegonium | Forms the outer layer of the neck of the archegonium |
| Arrangement | Single row | Surrounds the canal cells |
| Function | Creates a passage for sperm to reach the egg | Provides structural support to the neck |
Role in Fertilization:
- Formation of the canal: As the archegonium matures, the canal cells break down.
- Creation of a pathway: This disintegration forms a clear, mucilaginous canal through the neck of the archegonium.
- Sperm access: Sperm can then swim through this canal to reach and fertilize the egg cell, leading to the formation of a zygote.
