Air lock predominantly occurs in the high points, or "hump regions," of a hydraulic system. These areas are where redistributed air bubbles can accumulate and merge, forming larger air voids.
Here's a breakdown of where you might find air locks:
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High Points in Plumbing Systems: Air tends to rise, so the highest points in water pipes are susceptible. This is especially true in systems with complex layouts or long runs.
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Hydraulic Systems: As the reference mentions, "hump regions" are prime locations. These could be bends in pipes, the tops of reservoirs, or any elevated section of the system.
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Engine Cooling Systems: Air can become trapped in the engine block, radiator, or heater core, particularly after refilling coolant.
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Brake Lines: If air gets into brake lines, it can lead to a spongy brake pedal and reduced braking performance. Air can enter during maintenance or if the brake fluid reservoir runs dry.
Why these locations?
The physics are simple:
- Gravity: Air is less dense than liquids, so it rises to the highest point.
- System Design: Poorly designed systems with sharp bends or upward slopes can exacerbate air trapping.
- Maintenance Procedures: Incorrect filling or bleeding procedures can introduce air into a system.
Example:
Imagine a hose running up and over a fence. The highest point over the fence is where air is most likely to collect, creating an air lock.
