In plumbing, a compression sleeve, often called a ferrule, is a crucial component of a compression fitting. It is a small metal ring, typically made of brass or copper, designed to create a watertight seal around a pipe when a compression fitting is assembled.
Understanding the Role of a Compression Sleeve
A compression fitting is a type of connector used to join two pipes or a pipe to a fixture or valve. Unlike soldered or threaded fittings, compression fittings don't require special tools like torches or threading equipment, making them popular for DIY projects and repairs.
A standard compression fitting consists of three main parts:
- The Body: This is the main part of the fitting with a seat for the pipe end.
- The Compression Nut: This nut slides over the pipe.
- The Compression Sleeve (Ferrule): This ring slides over the pipe between the nut and the fitting body.
How a Compression Sleeve Works
The compression sleeve's function is to create the seal. When the compression nut is tightened onto the threads of the fitting body, it pushes the sleeve against the pipe and the body simultaneously.
As described in the reference, this is "done by pulling this nut down on to the threads. And typically you use a wrench to tighten."
This tightening action causes the sleeve to slightly deform and bite down onto the outer surface of the pipe while also pressing firmly against the angled seat within the fitting body. This compression process forms a tight, leak-proof connection without the need for soldering or adhesives.
Benefits of Using Compression Sleeves/Fittings
- Ease of Installation: They are relatively simple to install, requiring only wrenches.
- No Heat Involved: Unlike soldering, there's no need for a torch, making them safer in some situations.
- Removable: Compression fittings can often be disassembled and reassembled, though replacing the sleeve is recommended for a reliable seal.
- Versatility: Commonly used for connecting pipes to water valves (like under sinks or toilets) and for small-diameter pipe connections.
Key Points about Compression Sleeves
- Ensure the pipe end is clean, straight, and free of burrs before sliding on the sleeve and nut.
- Align the pipe and fitting correctly before tightening.
- Tighten the compression nut firmly using a wrench, but avoid overtightening, which can damage the pipe or fitting.
- Compression fittings are generally best suited for low-pressure applications.
In essence, the compression sleeve is the critical element within a compression fitting that is compressed between the nut and the fitting body to form a reliable, water-tight seal on the pipe.
