Airlocks, also known as vapor locks, occur when pockets of air or vapor become trapped within a liquid-filled pipe system, obstructing the flow of liquid. This happens most frequently in plumbing and heating systems.
Causes of Airlocks
Several factors can contribute to the formation of airlocks:
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Trapped Air: Air can become trapped during initial filling of a pipe system, particularly in high points where air naturally rises due to its lower density than water. This is a common cause, especially in newly installed or repaired systems.
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Leaks: Leaks in the pipe system can introduce air into the water flow. Damaged sections of pipe or poorly sealed joints can allow air to enter, leading to airlock formation. (Practical Engineering)
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Insufficient Water Velocity: If the speed of the water flowing through the pipe isn't fast enough to carry air bubbles along with it, the bubbles will accumulate and form airlocks. (Plastic Pipeshop)
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Low Water Pressure: Low water pressure can reduce the force of the water, making it less effective at pushing air bubbles through the pipes.
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System Design: Poorly designed plumbing systems, with unnecessary high points or bends, are more susceptible to airlock formation.
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Cold Water: Cold water systems can be more prone to airlocks because dissolved gases are more likely to come out of solution in colder temperatures. (Hanover Supply)
An air lock is a restriction of, or complete stoppage of liquid flow caused by vapor trapped in a high point of a liquid-filled pipe system. ([Reference provided])
Examples of Airlock Locations
Airlocks can occur in various parts of a liquid system, including:
- Water heaters: Air can get trapped within the water heater tank, hindering efficient operation. (Plumbers Derby)
- Radiators (Heating Systems): Airlocks in radiators prevent proper heating, resulting in cold spots.
- Drain Pipes: Airlocks can cause slow draining or complete blockage in sinks and toilets. (Mr. Rooter)
