The easiest way to increase the flow rate of a faucet is often by addressing the aerator or other common restrictions. Here's a breakdown of methods, ranging from simple fixes to more involved solutions:
1. Check and Clean the Aerator
- What it is: The aerator is the screen-like device at the tip of most faucets. It mixes air with the water to create a more consistent stream and reduce splashing.
- How it can restrict flow: Over time, mineral deposits and debris can clog the aerator, significantly reducing water flow.
- Solution:
- Unscrew the aerator (usually you can do this by hand or with pliers, being careful not to scratch the finish).
- Disassemble the aerator (there are usually several small parts).
- Clean each part thoroughly with a brush and vinegar to remove mineral deposits. Rinse well.
- Reassemble the aerator and screw it back onto the faucet.
- Test the flow rate.
2. Replace the Aerator
- Why replace it? If cleaning doesn't restore the flow, or if your water pressure is already low, the aerator itself might be the problem. Some aerators are designed to restrict water flow to conserve water, which might not be ideal in a low-pressure situation. Also, old or damaged aerators may need to be replaced.
- How to choose a replacement: Look for an aerator with a higher Gallons Per Minute (GPM) rating. A higher GPM will allow more water to flow through.
3. Check the Water Supply Valves
- What they are: Underneath the sink, you'll find shut-off valves for both the hot and cold water lines.
- How they can restrict flow: These valves may not be fully open, especially if they were partially closed for previous repairs.
- Solution: Ensure both valves are fully open by turning them counterclockwise.
4. Inspect the Supply Lines
- What they are: These are the flexible tubes connecting the shut-off valves to the faucet.
- How they can restrict flow: Kinks or blockages in the supply lines can impede water flow. Older supply lines can also corrode internally, reducing the inside diameter.
- Solution:
- Check for any kinks or sharp bends in the lines and straighten them out.
- If the lines are old or corroded, replace them with new ones. Consider using wider diameter supply lines for better flow.
5. Check the Faucet Cartridge or Valve (for two-handle faucets)
- What it is: Inside the faucet body, there's a cartridge (for single-handle faucets) or valves (for two-handle faucets) that control the water flow and temperature.
- How it can restrict flow: These components can become clogged with sediment or mineral buildup over time.
- Solution:
- Shut off the water supply.
- Disassemble the faucet according to the manufacturer's instructions.
- Remove the cartridge or valves.
- Inspect for any signs of damage or buildup.
- Clean or replace the cartridge or valves as needed.
- Reassemble the faucet.
6. Address Low Water Pressure in Your Home
- Why it matters: If the overall water pressure in your home is low, it will affect the flow rate of all your faucets.
- Potential causes:
- Problems with the municipal water supply: Check with your neighbors to see if they are experiencing similar issues. Contact your local water company.
- Pressure regulator failure: A pressure regulator controls the water pressure entering your home. If it fails, it can cause low pressure. Have a plumber inspect and replace the regulator if necessary.
- Clogged or corroded pipes: Over time, pipes can become clogged with sediment or corroded, reducing water flow. Replacing old pipes can improve water pressure.
- Partially closed main shutoff valve: Make sure the main water shutoff valve to your home is fully open.
By systematically checking and addressing each of these potential issues, you can often significantly improve the flow rate of your faucet.
