The different ways to filter a pool primarily involve using one of three main types of pool filters: sand, diatomaceous earth (DE), or cartridge filters.
Pool filters are essential for keeping pool water clean by removing debris, contaminants, and microscopic particles. The choice of filter impacts water clarity, maintenance effort, and cost. According to a reference from June 22, 2018, the three types are sand, diatomaceous earth (DE) and cartridge. Each type has its own pros and cons, and the type of filter to use depends on what the pool owner wants in terms of price, amount of maintenance needed and other location based factors.
Let's look at each type:
1. Sand Filters
Sand filters are one of the most common and oldest methods of pool filtration. They work by pushing water through a bed of specially graded filter sand. As the water passes through the sand, small particles and debris get trapped between the sand grains.
- How they work: Water enters the top of the filter tank and is pushed down through the sand bed. Clean water exits from the bottom.
- Cleaning: Sand filters are typically cleaned by "backwashing," which reverses the water flow to flush trapped debris out to waste.
- Factors to Consider: Generally known for being durable and requiring less frequent replacement of the filter media compared to others.
2. Diatomaceous Earth (DE) Filters
DE filters offer the highest level of filtration, capable of trapping extremely small particles. DE is a fine powder made from the fossilized remains of tiny aquatic organisms called diatoms.
- How they work: The DE powder is added to the pool skimmer, where it coats fabric-covered grids or fingers inside the filter tank. Water passes through this DE-coated surface, trapping even microscopic particles.
- Cleaning: Cleaning involves backwashing to remove the DE and trapped debris, and then a fresh charge of DE is added. Periodically, the filter may need to be disassembled for cleaning of the grids.
- Factors to Consider: Provides superior water clarity but often requires more maintenance compared to sand or cartridge filters, including handling the DE powder.
3. Cartridge Filters
Cartridge filters use a pleated paper or polyester cartridge element to trap debris. Water passes through the pleated material, and particles are caught on the surface and within the pleats.
- How they work: Water flows into the filter tank, through the pleated cartridge, and clean water exits.
- Cleaning: Cartridge filters are cleaned by removing the cartridge and rinsing it thoroughly with a garden hose.
- Factors to Consider: Known for being energy-efficient due to lower resistance to water flow and not requiring backwashing (saving water). They need cartridge replacement periodically.
Choosing the right filter system is a key decision for any pool owner, balancing desired water quality, maintenance commitment, and budget. As noted, the best choice depends on price, maintenance needed, and location-based factors.
