Pottery painting, more accurately termed "glazing," involves coating unfinished ceramic pieces (bisqueware) with glaze, which, after firing in a kiln, results in a vibrant, durable, and often glossy finish. You aren't painting with paint, but rather applying a liquid glass mixture.
Here's a breakdown of the process:
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Selecting Bisqueware: You begin by choosing a piece of pre-fired pottery, called bisqueware. This clay has been fired once, making it durable enough to handle. Bisqueware is porous, which allows the glaze to adhere properly.
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Preparing the Bisqueware: Before applying glaze, the bisqueware surface needs to be clean and free of dust or oils. A damp sponge can be used to wipe down the piece.
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Applying the Glaze: This is where the "painting" part comes in. However, instead of paint, you're using glaze. Glazes are available in a wide variety of colors and finishes (e.g., glossy, matte, speckled). They contain finely ground glass particles, color pigments, and a binder to help them adhere.
- Application Methods: Glaze can be applied with brushes, sponges, or by dipping or pouring. Brushing is most common for intricate designs, while dipping or pouring is suitable for covering larger areas quickly. Multiple coats are often necessary for even color coverage.
- Color Considerations: It's important to remember that the color of the glaze before firing can look very different from the final fired color. Studios typically have fired samples to show how the glaze will appear after firing.
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Designing and Detailing (Optional): Once the base coats of glaze are applied, you can add details and designs using specialized tools or additional glaze colors. Wax resist can also be used to create patterns or prevent glaze from adhering to certain areas.
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Drying: After the glaze has been applied, the piece needs to dry completely before firing.
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Firing in a Kiln: The glazed pottery is then placed in a kiln and fired at a high temperature (typically between 1800-2200°F or 980-1200°C). During firing, the glaze melts and fuses to the ceramic surface, creating a smooth, hard, and durable finish. The heat also causes the colors to develop and become vibrant.
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Cooling and Finishing: After firing, the kiln needs to cool down slowly to prevent cracking. Once cooled, the pottery is ready to be enjoyed!
In summary, pottery painting involves applying a glaze to bisqueware, which is then fired in a kiln to create a beautiful and functional piece of ceramic art.
